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7. In the pattern:
Subject + Verb + Object + infinitive without “TO” with
verbs of perception like: see, hear, watch, notice, etc., and the verbs make
and know -> the infinitive without “TO” becomes the
infinitive with “TO”.
e.g.:
I
never hear her shout at her children
->She is never heard to
shout at her children
He
made me do it.
->I was made to do
it.
She
has never known that man lie before.
->That man has never been
known to lie before.
8. Preposition that are closely connected with certain verbs and adverbial
particles that belongs to two – word verbs are not emitted from the passive
sentence (Giới từ mà nó được liên
kết
chặt
chẽ
với
động
từ
nhất
định
và những
trạng
ngữ
đi theo sau động
từ
2 chữ
thì nhớ
là không được
bỏ
khỏi
câu bị
động)
e.g.:
She
prevented them from taking the medicine. (Cô ấy đã ngăn chặn họ uống thuốc.)
->They
were prevented from taking the medicine. (Họ đã được ngăn
chặn
uống
thuốc.)
The
nurse will look after their babies. (Cô y tá sẽ chăm sóc những đứa con của họ.)
->Their
babies will be blocked after by the nurse. (Các con cai của họ sẽ được chăm
sóc bởi
cô y tá.)
9.
Special cases: There are two common passive constractions with verbs expressing
opinion and rumors like: say, report, think, believe, rumour….(Có 2 cấu trúc bị động chung
với
những
động
từ
diễn
tả
cảm
xúc ý tưởng
ý nghĩ và những
lời
đồn
đại
như:
nói,
báo
cáo,
suy nghĩ,
tin tưởng,
đồn….
Chúng
ta sẽ
có 2 cách đổi
sau:
It + be + PP +
that - clause
|
E.g.:
People
say that prevention is better than cure. (Người ta nói rằng phòng
bệnh
thì tốt
hơn
chữa
bệnh)
-> It
is said that prevention is better than cure.
Subject + be +
PP + infinitive with TO
|
E.g.:
People
say that prevention is better than cure.
-> Prevention
is said to be better than cure.
E.g.:
People think that he works very hard.
People think that he works very hard.
-> It
is thought that he works very hard.
->
He is thought to work very hard.
Everybody
believed that he had died in the battle.
-> It
was believed that he had died in the battle.
->
He was believed to have died in the battle.
10. Active/Passive
Overview. (Tổng quán về câu chủ động và câu bị động)
Active
(Câu chủ động)
|
Passive
(Câu bị động)
|
|
Simple Present
(Hiện tại đơn)
|
Once
a week, Tom cleans the house.
|
Once
a week, the house is cleaned
by Tom
|
Present Continuous
(Hiện tại tiếp diễn)
|
Right now,
Sarah is writing the letter.
|
Right now, the
letter is being written by Sarah
|
Simple Past
(Quá khứ đơn)
|
Sam
repaired the car.
|
The
car was repaired by Sam.
|
Past Continuous
(Quá khứ tiếp diễn)
|
The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into
the store.
|
The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came
into the store.
|
Present Perfect
(Hiện tại hoàn thành)
|
Many
tourists have visited that house
|
That
house has been visited by many tourists.
|
Present Perfect Cont (Thì hiện tại
hoàn thành tiếp
diễn)
|
Recently, John has been doing the work.
|
Recently, the
work has been being
done by John.
|
Past perfect
(QKHT)
|
George
had repaired many cars before he received his
mechanic’s license
|
Many
cars had been repaired by George before he
received his mechanic’s license.
|
Past Perfect Cont
(QKHTTD)
|
Chef Jones had been preparing the restaurant’s dinners for two
years before he moved to Paris.
|
The
restaurant’s dinners had been being prepared
by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris.
|
Simple Future WILL
(Tương lai đơn) WILL
|
Someone
will finish the work by 5:00 PM
|
The
work will be finished by 5:00 PM.
|
Simple Future
BE
GOING TO
|
Sally is going to
make a beautiful dinner tonight.
|
A beautiful
dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.
|
Future Cont
WILL
|
At
8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the
dishes.
|
At
8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by
John
|
Future Cont
BE
GOING TO
|
At 8:00 PM
tonight, John is going to be washing the
dishes.
|
At 8:00 PM
tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by
John.
|
Future Perfect
WILL
|
They
will have completed the project before the
deadline
|
The
project will have been completed before the
deadline.
|
Future Perfect
BE
GOING TO
|
They are going to have completed the project before the
deadline.
|
The project is going to have been completed before the deadline.
|
Future Perfect Cont.
WILL
|
He
will have been painting the house for over two
weeks by the time it is finished.
|
The
house will have been being painted for over
two weeks by the time it is finished.
|
Future Perfect Cont
BE
GOING TO
|
He is going to have been painting the house for over
two weeks by the time it is finished
|
The house is going to have been being painted for over two
weeks by the time it is finished.
|
USED TO
|
Jerry
used to pay the bills
|
The
bills used to be paid by Jerry.
|
WOULD ALWAYS
|
My mother would always make the pies.
|
The pies would always be made by my mother.
|
Future in the Past
WOULD
|
I
knew John would finish the work by 5:00 PM
|
I
knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM
|
Future in the Past
WAS
GOING TO
|
I thought Sally
was going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.
|
I thought a
beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally
tonight.
|
Exercise 1: Put the following sentences into the passive voice.
*Simple Present
Tense (am/ is/ are + PP)
1/
They paint their school every four years.
………………………………………………………………..
2/
Does the barking of the dog annoy you?
………………………………………………………………..
3/
They don’t sell fast food at that shop.
……………………………………………………………….
*Simple Past
Tense (was/ were + PP)
4/ The
police arrested two people yesterday.
…………………………………………………………………..
5/
They didn’t send that report two days ago.
…………………………………………………………………..
6/ Did
he explain his lesson to you yesterday?
……………………………………………………………………
*Present
Continuous Tense (am being/ is being/ are
being + PP)
7/
They are building many house in our village now.
………………………………………………………………………………
8/ She
wants to know what sort of research you are doing.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
*Past Continuous
tense (was being/ were being + PP)
9/ The
singer knew that they were praising her.
………………………………………………………………………….
10/
Are you sure that no one was watching you at that time?
……………………………………………………………………………….
*Present Perfect
Tense (has been/ have been + PP)
11/
The president has set up a committee to investigate the problem.
………………………………………………………………………………………
12/ No
one has ever asked me that question before.
……………………………………………………………………………………..
*Past Perfect
Tense (had been + PP)
13/ My
wife was very annoyed when she discovered that the cashier had cheated her.
……………………………………………………………………………………
14/
The police noticed that they had not yet taken the wrecked car away.
………………………………………………………………………………………
*Modal +
infinitive without TO
(shall/
will/ can/ may/ must/ should/ could/….+ be + PP)
15/ We
will announce the results of the examination on Tuesday.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
16/
Can we use the indefinite article before an uncountable noun?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
17/
You should water these plants twice a week.
…………………………………………………………………………
*Modal perfect (should have/ would have/ could have…..+
been + PP)
18/
Someone must have dropped this book in his hurry.
……………………………………………………………………………………..
19/
She could have seen you from the house if it had not been so dark.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
* Verbs with two
Objects:
20/
She sent me a message last night.
……………………………………………………….
21/ He
owed me 20 dollars last week.
…………………………………………………………..
22/
The bank will give a free gift to each new customer next week.
………………………………………………………………
Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences using Passive Voice.
1/
Julia rescued three cats.
…………………………………………………………………
2/ The
students handed in the reports.
………………………………………………………….
3/
Maria crashed into the blue car.
………………………………………………….
4/
Alex learned the poem.
……………………………………………………..
5/
Steven has forgotten the book.
……………………………………………………
6/ The
mechanic has not repaired the DVD recorder.
…………………………………………………………………
7/
They play handball.
……………………………………………………….
8/ Sue
puts the rucksack on the floor.
………………………………………………………..
9/ The
girls had lost the match.
………………………………………………………
10/
The teacher is not going to open the window.
………………………………………………………………………..
Exercise 3: Put in the correct form of the verb in Passive into the
gaps. Use the verb and the tense given in brackets.
Example:
A letter………………………by Peter. (to write – Simple Present)
A letter………………………by Peter. (to write – Simple Present)
Answer:
A
letter is written by Peter.
1/ The
words …………………by the teacher today. (to explain – Simple Present)
2/ We……………………….
A letter the day before yesterday. (to send – Simple Past)
3/ This
car ………………………. It’s too old. (not/to steal – will – future)
4/
This street…………….because of snow. (already/to close
– Present Perfect)
5.
Anew restaurant……………..next week. (to open – will –
future)
6/ He………………to
the party yesterday. (to invite – Simple Past)
7/ The
blue box ………………………. (can/ not/ to see – Simple Present)
8/ I………………..the
book by my friend last Sunday. (to give – Simple Past)
9/ The
dishes……………….by my little brother. (not/ to wash –
Present perfect)
10/ I………………………by
Robber. (not/ to ask – will – future)
Exercise 4: Decide whether the sentences are written in Active or
Passive.
1/
They listen to music.
………………………………………………………….
2/ She
is reading an e-mail.
………………………………………………..
3/
These cars are produced in Japan.
……………………………………………………….
4/
Alan teaches Geography.
………………………………………………..
5/
German is spoken in Austria.
……………………………………………
6/
Lots of houses were destroyed by the earthquake.
………………………………………………………………
7/
Henry Ford invented the assembly line.
………………………………………………………………
8/ You
should open your workbooks.
………………………………………………………….
9/ The
bus driver was hurt.
………………………………………….............
10/
Houses have been built.
………………………………………………..
(Bài viết được chỉnh sửa bổ sung lần cuối vào 26/06/2013)
Thanks..
ReplyDeletethank, this video is very salutary
ReplyDeleteCam on ban rat nhieu, Ban da giup minh nhieu lam
ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteCác thì hoàn thành tiếp diễn không có passive voice.
ReplyDelete